Consequences of increased dependence on store foods on seasonal macronutrient intake and gut microbiota in maya mothers and their 12- to 36-month-old children

Para consultar el capítulo véase el libro con la clasificación 612.65 H8, en SIBE-Campeche

A Food Portions study followed by a Microbiota DNA analysis was performed on mother infant pairs from Maya agricultural households in rural Yucatan, Mexico. Seasonal macronutrient consumption and gut-microbiome were compared between individuals from households that depended mostly on store-bought foods (‘modern’) and those who produced most of their own (‘traditional’). All groups consumed significantly less kilocalories per macronutrient during the lean season as they increased their relative carbohydrate intake. Most individuals were lipid deficient year-round. Those who were lipid deficient, made up for it by consuming extra carbohydrates. Significant macronutrient intake differences were found between children and their mothers. These as well as seasonal differences were reflected in the formation of separate bacterial population clusters for lipids and overall age group differences in Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio. However, while there were no significant interaction effects between household types in macronutrient intake, both mothers and infants from ‘modern’ households had significantly greater F/B ratio than their ‘traditional’ counterparts. Results suggest that store-bought foods did not solve the macronutrient deficiencies of theses groups but may have contributed to modify their gut microbiota composition. Implications to the contribution of a thrifty phenotype are discussed. eng