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Conservative nutrient use by big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla king) planted under contrasting environmental conditions

Medina, Ernesto [autor] | Cuevas Viera, Elvira, 1950- [autora] | Lugo, Ariel E [autor] | Terezo, Evaristo [autor] | Jiménez Osornio, Juan José María [autor] | Macario Mendoza, Pedro A [autor] | Montañez Escalante, Patricia Irene [autora].
Tipo de material: Artículo
 impreso(a) 
 
  y electrónico  
  Artículo impreso(a) y electrónico Tipo de contenido: Texto Tipo de medio: Computadora Tipo de portador: Recurso en líneaOtro título: Uso conservativo de nutrientes pelo mogno (Swietenia macrophyllaking) cultivado sob condições ambientais contrastantes [Título paralelo].Tema(s): Swietenia macrophylla | Nutrición de las plantas | Isotopos de carbono | Isótopos del nitrógenoTema(s) en inglés: Honduras mahogany | Plants nutrition | Carbon isotopes | Nitrogen isotopesDescriptor(es) geográficos: Quintana Roo (México) | Yucatán (México) | Pará (Brasil) Nota de acceso: Acceso en línea sin restricciones En: Revista Árvore. Volumen 38, número 3 (May/June 2014), páginas 479-488. --ISSN: 0100-6762Número de sistema: 1339Resumen:
Inglés

We analyzed the nutritional composition and isotope ratios (C and N) of big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) leaves in plantations established on contrasting soils and climates in Central America (State of Quintana Roo, Yucatán, México) and South America (State of Pará, Brazil). The objective was to determine the adaptability of this species to large differences in nutrient availability and rainfall regimes. Nutrient concentrations of leaves and soils were determined spectrophotometrically, and isotope ratios were measured using mass spectrometric techniques.In Pará soils were sandier, and acidic, receiving above 2000 mm of rain, whereas in Quintana Roo soils were predominantly clayey, with neutral to alkaline pH due to the underlying calcareous substrate, with about 1300 mm of rain. Leaf area/weight ratio was similar for both sites, but leaves from Quintana Roo were significantly smaller. Average N and K concentrations of adult leaves were similar, whereas Ca concentration was only slightly lower in Pará in spite of large differences in Ca availability. Leaves from this site had slightly higher P and lower Al concentrations. Differences in water use efficiency as measured by the natural abundance of 13C were negligible, the main effect of lower rainfall in Quintana Roo seemed to be a reduction in leaf area. The N isotope signature (δ15N) was more positive in Pará than in Quintana Roo, suggesting higher denitrification rates in the former. Results reveal a calciotrophic behavior and a remarkable capacity of mahogany to compensate for large differences in soil texture and nutrient availability.

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Acceso en línea sin restricciones

We analyzed the nutritional composition and isotope ratios (C and N) of big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) leaves in plantations established on contrasting soils and climates in Central America (State of Quintana Roo, Yucatán, México) and South America (State of Pará, Brazil). The objective was to determine the adaptability of this species to large differences in nutrient availability and rainfall regimes. Nutrient concentrations of leaves and soils were determined spectrophotometrically, and isotope ratios were measured using mass spectrometric techniques.In Pará soils were sandier, and acidic, receiving above 2000 mm of rain, whereas in Quintana Roo soils were predominantly clayey, with neutral to alkaline pH due to the underlying calcareous substrate, with about 1300 mm of rain. Leaf area/weight ratio was similar for both sites, but leaves from Quintana Roo were significantly smaller. Average N and K concentrations of adult leaves were similar, whereas Ca concentration was only slightly lower in Pará in spite of large differences in Ca availability. Leaves from this site had slightly higher P and lower Al concentrations. Differences in water use efficiency as measured by the natural abundance of 13C were negligible, the main effect of lower rainfall in Quintana Roo seemed to be a reduction in leaf area. The N isotope signature (δ15N) was more positive in Pará than in Quintana Roo, suggesting higher denitrification rates in the former. Results reveal a calciotrophic behavior and a remarkable capacity of mahogany to compensate for large differences in soil texture and nutrient availability. eng

Analisou-se a composição nutricional e isotópica (C e N) de folhas de mogno (. Swietenia macrophylla King) em plantações estabelecidas em solos e climas contrastantes na América Central (Quintana Roo, Yucatán, México) e na América do Sul (Pará, Brasil). O objetivo foi determinar a adaptabilidade dessa espécie para grandes diferenças na disponibilidade de nutrientes e regimes de chuva. As concentrações de nutrientes das folhas e solos foram determinadas espectrofotometricamente, e razões isotópicas foram medidas utilizando espectrometria de massa. No Pará, os solos foram mais arenosos e ácidos, recebendo acima de 2.000 mm de chuva, enquanto em Quintana Roo os solos foram predominantemente argilosos, com pH neutro a alcalino, devido ao substrato calcário subjacente, com cerca de 1.300 mm de chuva. A razão área/peso foliar foi semelhante para ambos os sítios de estudo, mas em Quintana Roo as folhas foram significativamente menores. Concentrações de N e K em folhas adultas foram semelhantes. A concentração de Ca foi apenas ligeiramente inferior no Pará, apesar das grandes diferenças na disponibilidade de Ca. Folhas desse sítio possuíam concentrações ligeiramente maiores de P e menores de Al. Diferenças na eficiência do uso da água medida pela δ13C foram insignificantes, e o principal efeito da menor precipitação em Quintana Roo parece ser uma redução na área foliar. Assinatura isotópica do N (δ 15N) foi mais positiva no Pará, que em Quintana Roo, sugerindo maiores taxas de desnitrificação no primeiro sítio de estudo. Os resultados revelaram comportamento calciotrófico e uma notável capacidade do mogno para compensar as grandes diferenças de textura e disponibilidade de nutrientes do solo. fra

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