Efecto del medio de cultivo y escotoperiodo en la germinación de semillas y crecimiento in vitro de Guarianthe skinneri (Bateman) Dressler & W.E. Higgins (Orchidaceae)
Palabras clave:
“La Candelaria”, Protocormos, Pregerminación, Oxidación, Agua de coco, 6-bencilaminopurina
Resumen
Guarianthe skinneri está sujeta a protección debido a la disminución de sus poblaciones silvestres, y la germinación asimbiótica in vitro de semillas es una alternativa viable para la conservación y restauración de poblaciones. Este proceso de laboratorio también facilita el estudio detallado de las fases de germinación, ahora, en el caso de las orquídeas, repartido en dos secciones, la pregerminación y la germinación, como contribución al diseño de una estrategia para la restauración de poblaciones de esta orquídea. Con este fin, se evaluó sobre las diferentes fases de la pregerminación y germinación de semillas, el efecto de cuatro medios de cultivo (Yasuda al 10 % + 0.112 mg L-1 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP), Yasuda al 100 % + 1.125 mg L-1 BAP, Dalla Rosa & Laneri modificado, Murashige & Skoog) y dos condiciones de escotoperiodo (12 y 24 h). Los medios Yasuda y Dalla Rosa promovieron el desarrollo y terminación de las fases de germinación, mientras que en el medio MS los porcentajes fueron bajos en el desarrollo de las Fases 4 y 5, ocasionados por los altos porcentajes de oxidación en Fases 2 y 3. Las condiciones de escotoperiodo no afectaron el proceso de germinación de las semillas.
Citas
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Arditti, J., Karim, A., & Ghani, A. (2000). Numerical and physical properties of orchid seeds and their biological implications. New Phytol, 145, 367–421.
Ávila-Díaz, I., Oyama, K., Gómez-Alonso, C., & Salgado-Garciglia, R. (2009). In vitro propagation of the endangered orchid Laelia speciosa. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 99(3), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-009-9609-8
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Cassells, A. C., & Curry, R. F. (2001). Oxidative stress and physiological, epigenetic and genetic variability in plant tissue culture: implications for micropropagators and genetic engineers. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 64, 145-157. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010692104861
Castillo-Pérez, L. J., Martínez-Soto, D., Fortanelli-Martínez, J., & Carranza-Álvarez, C. (2021). Asymbiotic seed germination, in vitro seedling development, and symbiotic acclimatization of the Mexican threatened orchid Stanhopea tigrina. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 146(2), 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-021-02064-9
Chen, Y., Goodale, U. M., Fan, X.-L., & Gao, J.-Y. (2015). Asymbiotic seed germination and in vitro seedling development of Paphiopedilum spicerianum: An orchid with an extremely small population in China. Global Ecology and Conservation, 3, 367–378. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2015.01.002
Cruz-Higareda, J. B., Luna-Rosales, B. S., & Barba-Álvarez, A. (2015). A novel seed baiting technique for the epiphytic orchid Rhynchostele cervantesii, a means to acquire mycorrhizal fungi from protocorms. Lankesteriana, 15(1), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v15i1.18525
Coello, C. Y., Miceli, C. L., Orantes, C., DenDooven L., & Gutiérrez, F. A. (2010). Optimización de reguladores de crecimiento para el cultivo in vitro de la orquídea Guarianthe skinneri (Bateman) Dressler & W.E. Higgins. Gayana Botánica 67 (1) 19-26.
Dalla Rosa, U., & Laneri, U. (1977). Modification of nutrient solutions for germination and growth in vitro of some cultivated orchids and for the vegetative propagation of Cymbidium cultivars. American Orchid Society Bulletin, 9, 813–820.
Damon, A. (2013). Conservation status and strategies for the preservation of orchids in the Soconusco Region of southeast Mexico. Lankesteriana, 13(1–2), 27–31. https://doi.org/10.15517/lank.v0i0.11530
Damon, A. (2017). Estrategia para el rescate, conservación y aprovechamiento sustentable de las orquídeas (Orchidaceae) en el sureste de México. Agroproductividad, 10(6), 25–30.
Damon, A., Aguilar-Guerrero, E., Rivera, L., & Nikolaeva, V. (2014). Germinación in vitro de semillas inmaduras de tres especies de orquídeas de la región del Soconusco, Chiapas, México. Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 10(2), 195–203.
David, D., Jualang Azlan, G., & Ong Abdullah, J. (2008). Effect of NAA and BAP on protocorm proliferation of Borneo Scented Orchid. Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 16(3), 221–224. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259920952
Emeterio-Lara, A., García-Franco, J. G., Hernández-Apolinar, M., Mora-Herrera, M. E., Toledo-Hernández, V. H., Valencia-Díaz, S., & Flores-Palacios, A. (2018). Endogamy costs and reproductive biology of Laelia autumnalis, an endemic orchid of Mexico. Plant Ecology, 219(12), 1423–1434. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-018-0891-6
Fang, S., Chen, J., & Wei M. (2016). Protocorms and protocorm-like bodies are molecularly distinct from zygotic embryonic tissues in Phalaenopsis aphrodite. Plant Physiology 171(4), 2682-2700. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.16.00841
García, J. A., Valerín, A. T., & Salazar, R. (1993). Utilización de tres medios orgánicos para la germinación in vitro de semillas de guaria morada, Cattleya skinneri (Bateman). Uniciencia, 79–83.
Hernández-Muñoz, S., Pedraza-Santos, M., López, P., de la Cruz-Torres, E., Martínez-Palacios, A., Fernández-Pavía, S., & Chávez-Bárcenas, A. (2017). Estimulación de la germinación y desarrollo in vitro de Laelia autumnalis con rayos gamma. Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana, 40(3), 217–283.
Hosomi, S. T., Santos, R. B., Custodio, C. C., Seaton, P. T., Marks, T. R., & Machado-Neto, N. B. (2011). Preconditioning Cattleya seeds to improve the efficacy of the tetrazolium test for viability. Seed Science and Technology, 39(1), 178–189. https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2011.39.1.15
Johnson, T. R., & Kane, M. E. (2007). Asymbiotic germination of ornamental Vanda: In vitro germination and development of three hybrids. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 91(3), 251–261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-007-9291-7
Kauth, P., Dutra, D., Johnson, T., Stewart, S., Kane, M., & Vendrame, W. (2008). Techniques and applications of in vitro orchid seed germination. Floriculture, Ornamental and Plant Biotechnology, 375–391. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257385365
Koene, F. M., Amano, É., de Camargo Smidt, E., & Ribas, L. L. F. (2020). Asymbiotic germination and morphological studies of seeds of Atlantic Rainforest micro-orchids (Pleurothallidinae). PLoS ONE, 15(12), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243297
López, V. A., Mejía, M. J., & Sosa-Moss, C. (1994). Cultivo de tejidos de orquídeas: Cattleya, Encyclia, Oncidium y Stanhopea. Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura, 1, 58–62.
López-Chávez, M. Y., Guillén-Navarro, K., Bertolini, V., Encarnación, S., Hernández-Ortiz, M., Sánchez-Moreno, I., & Damon, A. (2016). Proteomic and morphometric study of the in vitro interaction between Oncidium sphacelatum Lindl. (Orchidaceae) and Thanatephorus sp. RG26 (Ceratobasidiaceae). Mycorrhiza, 26(5), 353–365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-015-0676-x
Ma, Z., Ge, L., Lee, A. S. Y., Yong, J. W. H., Tan, S. N., & Ong, E. S. (2008). Simultaneous analysis of different classes of phytohormones in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) water using high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry after solid-phase extraction. Analytica Chimica Acta, 610(2), 274–281. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.01.045
Maldonado, G. P., Yarzábal, L. A., Cevallos-Cevallos, J. M., Chica, E. J., & Peña, D. F. (2020). Root endophytic fungi promote in vitro seed germination in Pleurothallis coriacardia (Orchidaceae). Lankesteriana, 20(1), 107–122. https://doi.org/10.15517/LANK.V20I1.41472
Mercado, S. A. S., & Contreras, N. A. V. (2017). Asymbiotic seed germination and in vitro propagation of Cattleya trianae Linden & Reichb.f. (Orchidaceae). Acta Agronomica, 66(4), 544–548. https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v66n4.63597
Murashige, T., & Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with Tobacco tissue cultures. Plant Physiology, 15(4), 31. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.113.231753
Ortiz, C. S., González, C. G., López, G. P., & Donjuan, L. I. (2013). Efecto de sustratos, soluciones nutritivas y tamaño de vitroplanta en aclimatación de Candelaria (Guarianthe skinneri). Memorias de Congreso Nacional y Primer Congreso Internacional de La Sociedad Mexicana de Ciencias Hortícolas A.C.
Quiroz, K., Saavedra, J., Vogel, H., Verdugo, G., Caligari, P. D. S., & García-Gonzáles, R. (2017). In vitro asymbiotic germination for micropropagation of the recalcitrant terrestrial orchid Chloraea crispa (Orchidaceae). Applications in Plant Sciences, 5(8), 1600142. https://doi.org/10.3732/apps.1600142
Rasmussen, H. N., Dixon, K. W., Jersáková, J., & Těšitelová, T. (2015). Germination and seedling establishment in orchids: A complex of requirements. Annals of Botany, 116(3), 391–402. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcv087
Restrepo, O. C., Gómez, V. F., Gil, C. A., Torres, B. J., & Urrea, T. A. (2018). In vitro propagation of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) cv. Hass through morphogenesis. Acta Agronómica, 67(1) 160-167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1S446/acag.v67n1.61474
Salazar, S. A., & Osorio, Y. M. (2022). Implementation of organic components to the culture medium to improve the in vitro propagation of Cattleya warscewiczii and Cattleya gaskelliana. South African Journal of Botany, 148, 352–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2022.05.002
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Publicado
2023-07-04
Cómo citar
Hernández-Ramírez, F., Iracheta-Donjuan, L., Damon, A., Fernández-Pavía, S., & Guillén-Navarro, K. (2023). Efecto del medio de cultivo y escotoperiodo en la germinación de semillas y crecimiento in vitro de <i>Guarianthe skinneri</i> (Bateman) Dressler & W.E. Higgins (Orchidaceae). POLIBOTÁNICA, (56). https://doi.org/10.18387/polibotanica.56.8
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Polibotánica por Departamento de Botánica de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.
