Housing in developing cities: experience and lessons / Patrick Wakely

Incluye bibliografía e índice: páginas 152-160

List of Abbreviations and Acronyms.. Preface.. Acknowledgements.. 1 Informal Housing Procurement Processes.. 1.1 The Informal Sub-division, Sale and Development of Vacant Land.. 1.2 Land Invasions and Squatting.. 1.3 Engagement with Formal Authorities.. 1.4 Incremental Development of Informal Settlements.. 1.5 Costs and Benefits of Informal Urban Housing Processes.. 2 Public Sector Intervention in Low-Income Group Housing.. 2.1 ‘Conventional’ Public Housing - The Public Works Tradition.. 2.2 Slum Clearance.. 2.3 Organised (Aided) Self-help.. 3 Participation, Enabling Supports and ‘Non-conventional’ Housing Strategies.. 3.1 Participation.. 3.2 Devolution.. 3.3 Enabling Supports - Sites and Services and Informal Settlement ('Slum') Upgrading.. 3.4 Limits of the ‘Self-help’ and the Participation Paradigm.. 4 Three Case Studies of Enabling Support Strategies.. 4.1 The Sri Lanka Million Houses Programme.. 4.2 Rio de Janeiro Favela Bairro Programme, Brazil.. 4.3 Oshakati Human Settlements Improvement Programme, (OHSIP) Namibia.. 4.4 Lessons from the Case Studies.. 5 The Return to ‘Conventional’ Public Housing Provision and Incentives to Private Sector Developers.. 6 Where Next.. 6.1 City Development Strategies.. 6.2 Housing-need Sub-groups.. 6.3 Cultural Integration and Cosmopolitan Development.. 6.4 Gender Needs and Assets.. 6.5 Climate Change and Geophysical Hazards.. 6.6 Energy Conservation and Environmental Sustainability.. 7 Partnership Paradigm for the Twenty-first Century.. 7.1 The Case for Incremental Housing Strategies.. 7.2 Rental Housing.. 8 Components of Support to Incremental Development.. 8.1 Land and Location.. 8.2 Finance.. 8.3 Infrastructure and Services.. 8.4 Beneficiary Selection.. 8.5 Site Planning, Building Controls and Supports.. 8.6 Community Organisation and Asset Management.. 8.7 The Private Sector.. 8.8 Strategic Planning.. 9 Some Conclusions, Capacity Building and the Way Forward.. 9.1 Capacity Building.. 9.2 In Conclusion - The Way Ahead.. Index

Universally, the production, maintenance and management of housing have been, and continue to be, market-based activities. Nevertheless, since the mid-twentieth century virtually all governments, socialist and liberal alike, have perceived the need to intervene in urban housing markets in support of low-income households who are denied access to the established (private sector) housing market by their lack of financial resources. Housing in Developing Cities examines the range of strategic policy alternatives that have been employed by state housing agencies to this end. They range from public sector entry into the urban housing market through the direct construction of (‘conventional’) ‘public housing’ that is let or transferred to low-income beneficiaries at sub-market rates, to the provision of financial supports (subsidies) and non-financial incentives to private sector producers and consumers of urban housing, and to the administration of (‘non-conventional’) programmes of social, technical and legislative supports that enable the production, maintenance and management of socially acceptable housing at prices and costs that are affordable to low-income urban households and communities. It concludes with a brief review of the direction that public housing policies have been taking at the start of the 21st century and reflects on 'where next', making a distinction between ‘public housing’ and ‘social housing’ strategies and how they can be combined in a ‘partnership’ paradigm for the 21st century. eng