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Mapping the diversity of maize races in Mexico

Por: Perales Rivera, Hugo Rafael. Doctor [autor/a].
Golicher, Duncan John [autor/a].
Tipo de material: Artículo en línea Artículo en línea Tema(s): Maíz | Variedades del maíz | Conservación de los recursos genéticos | BiogeografíaTema(s) en inglés: Corn | Corn varieties | Genetic resources conservation | BiogeographyDescriptor(es) geográficos: México Nota de acceso: Acceso en línea sin restricciones En: PLoS ONE. volumen 9, número 12, e114657 (December 2014), páginas 1-20. --ISSN: 1932-6203Número de sistema: 6115Resumen:
Inglés

Traditional landraces of maize are cultivated throughout more than one-half of Mexico's cropland. Efforts to organize in situ conservation of this important genetic resource have been limited by the lack of knowledge of regional diversity patterns. We used recent and historic collections of maize classified for race type to determine biogeographic regions and centers of landrace diversity. We also analyzed how diversity has changed over the last sixty years. Based on racial composition of maize we found that Mexico can be divided into 11 biogeographic regions. Six of these biogeographic regions are in the center and west of the country and contain more than 90% of the reported samples for 38 of the 47 races studied; these six regions are also the most diverse. We found no evidence of rapid overall decline in landrace diversity for this period. However, several races are now less frequently reported and two regions seem to support lower diversity than in previous collection periods. Our results are consistent with a previous hypothesis for diversification centers and for migration routes of original maize populations merging in western central Mexico. We provide maps of regional diversity patterns and landrace based biogeographic regions that may guide efforts to conserve maize genetic resources.

Recurso en línea: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4259470/pdf/pone.0114657.pdf
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Acceso en línea sin restricciones

Traditional landraces of maize are cultivated throughout more than one-half of Mexico's cropland. Efforts to organize in situ conservation of this important genetic resource have been limited by the lack of knowledge of regional diversity patterns. We used recent and historic collections of maize classified for race type to determine biogeographic regions and centers of landrace diversity. We also analyzed how diversity has changed over the last sixty years. Based on racial composition of maize we found that Mexico can be divided into 11 biogeographic regions. Six of these biogeographic regions are in the center and west of the country and contain more than 90% of the reported samples for 38 of the 47 races studied; these six regions are also the most diverse. We found no evidence of rapid overall decline in landrace diversity for this period. However, several races are now less frequently reported and two regions seem to support lower diversity than in previous collection periods. Our results are consistent with a previous hypothesis for diversification centers and for migration routes of original maize populations merging in western central Mexico. We provide maps of regional diversity patterns and landrace based biogeographic regions that may guide efforts to conserve maize genetic resources. eng

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