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In cities throughout the world, people are taking steps to develop just, sustainable alternatives to the dominant food system. These initiatives pose questions which, to be answered, require new theoretical approaches. This study makes use of Marx's concepts of 'social metabolism' and 'metabolic rift', as well as Altvater's analysis of forms of capitalist appropriation, in order to understand how current society-nature relationships have given way to a socioeconomic spatial order which makes it difficult to develop just, sustainable food systems. From this theoretical framework, we identify and analyse some key aspects of the urban transition toward food sovereignty. Inglés