Hypoxia / edited by Jeffrey G. Richards, Anthony P. Farell, Colin J. Brauner

Incluye bibliografía e índice: páginas 505-525

Contributors.. Preface.. 1. The Hypoxic Environment.. 1. Importance of Oxygen and Hypoxia.. 2. Hypoxia Distribution and Causes.. 3. Hypoxia and Fish.. 4. Conclusions.. References.. 2. Behavioral Responses and Ecological Consequences.. 1. Introduction.. 2. Aquatic Surface Respiration and Air-Breathing.. 3. Effects of Hypoxia on Activity.. 4. Hypoxia and Parental Care Behavior.. 5. Hypoxia and Ecological Interactions.. 6. Summary.. References.. 3. Effects of Hypoxia on Fish Reproduction and Development.. 1. Introduction.. 2. Hypoxia and Fish Reproduction.. 3. Hypoxia and Fish Development.. 4. Supporting Evidence for the Effects of Hypoxia on Reproduction and Development in other Vertebrates.. 5. The Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors.. 6. Biological and Ecological Implications.. 7. Conclusions.. References.. 4. Oxygen and Capacity Limited Thermal Tolerance.. 1. Thermally Induced Hypoxemia in Fishes.. 2. Temperature Adaptation: Role of Hypoxemia.. 3. Cellular Mechanisms of Thermal Adaptation.. 4. Perspectives: Hypoxia-sensitive Thermal Windows in Climate Sensitivity.. References.. 5. Oxygen Sensing and The Hypoxic Ventilatory Response.. 1. Introduction.. 2. The Hypoxic Ventilatory Response.. 3. O2 Sensing and O2 Sensors.. 4. Cellular Mechanisms of O2 Sensing.. 5. Conclusions and Perspectives.. References.. 6. Blood-Gas Transport and Hemoglobin Function: Adaptations for Functional and Environmental Hypoxia.. 1. Introduction.. 2. The Hb System.. 3. Proton Load May Improve Oxygen Delivery: Bohr and Root Effects.. 4. Environmental Temperature: Oxygen Supply and Demand.. 5. Endothermic Fishes: Stabilizing Internal Oxygen Tensions.. 6. Expression and Significance of Multiple Hb Components.. 7. Role of Other Globins in Hypoxia.. 8. Erythrocyte Responses to Hypoxia.. 9. Role of ß-Adrenergic Receptors in Erythrocyte Oxygen Transfer.. 10. Novel Molecular Mechanisms for Hypoxia Protection

11. Hypoxia Inducible Factor HIF-1α: Evidence for Role in Hypoxic Resistance.. 12. Conclusions and Commentary.. References.. 7. Cardiovascular Function and Cardiac Metabolism.. 1. Introduction.. 2. Hypoxic Effects on In Vivo Cardiovascular Function.. 3. Cardiac Energy Metabolism.. 4. Additional Insights.. 5. Concluding Remarks.. References.. 8. The Effects of Hypoxia On Growth and Digestion.. 1. Introduction.. 2. Energetic Considerations for Growth.. 3. The Rise in Metabolism During Digestion: Specific Dynamic Action (SDA.. 4. General Effects of Hypoxia on Growth, Appetite, and Assimilation.. 5. Effects of Hypoxia and Digestive State on Oxygen Transport.. 6. Effects of Hypoxia on Appetite.. 7. Assimilation Efficiency.. 8. Effects of Hypoxia on Growth in Air-Breathing Fishes.. 9. Conclusions and Perspectives.. References.. 9. The Anoxia-Tolerant Crucian Carp (Carassius Carassius L... 1. Introduction.. 2. Mechanisms of Hypoxic and Anoxic Survival.. 3. Seasonality of Crucian Carp Physiology: Preparing for Winter Anoxia.. 4. Summary.. References.. 10. Metabolic and Molecular Responses of Fish to Hypoxia.. 1. Introduction.. 2. The Metabolic Challenge of Hypoxia Exposure.. 3. The Concept of Time in the Metabolic Responses to Hypoxia.. 4. Metabolic and Molecular Responses to Hypoxia.. 5. Coordinating the Metabolic and Molecular Responses to Hypoxia

6. Conclusions and Perspectives.. References.. 11. Defining Hypoxia: An Integrative Synthesis of the Responses of Fish to Hypoxia.. 1. Scope of the Chapter.. 2. Defining Hypoxia.. 3. Considerations for the Future.. References.. Index.. Other Volumes in the Series

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Periods of environmental hypoxia (Low Oxygen Availability) are extremely common in aquatic systems due to both natural causes such as diurnal oscillations in algal respiration, seasonal flooding, stratification, under ice cover in lakes, and isolation of densely vegetated water bodies, as well as more recent anthropogenic causes (e.g. eutrophication). In view of this, it is perhaps not surprising that among all vertebrates, fish boast the largest number of hypoxia tolerant species; hypoxia has clearly played an important role in shaping the evolution of many unique adaptive strategies. These unique adaptive strategies either allow fish to maintain function at low oxygen levels, thus extending hypoxia tolerance limits, or permit them to defend against the metabolic consequences of oxygen levels that fall below a threshold where metabolic functions cannot be maintained. The aim of this volume is two-fold. First, this book will review and synthesize the adaptive behavioural, morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular strategies used by fish to survive hypoxia exposure and place them within an environmental and ecological context. Second, through the development of a synthesis chapter this book will serve as the cornerstone for directing future research into the effects of hypoxia exposures on fish physiology and biochemistry.Key Features• The only single volume available to provide an in-depth discussion of the adaptations and responses of fish to environmental hypoxia. • Reviews and synthesizes the adaptive behavioural, morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular strategies used by fish to survive hypoxia exposure.• Includes discussion of the evolutionary and ecological consequences of hypoxia exposure in fish. eng

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