Geodetic refraction: effects of electromagnetic wave propagation through the atmosphere [Libro electrónico] / editor: Fritz K. Brunner
Brunner, Fritz K [editor].
Tipo de material: Libro en línea Editor: New York, New York, United States: Springer-Verlag, c1984Descripción: x, 213 páginas : ilustraciones ; 24 centímetros.ISBN: 0387138307; 9783540138303 (Print); 9783642455834 (Online).Tema(s): Geodesy -- Measurement | Refraction, Terrestrial | Electromagnetic waves -- TransmissionNota de acceso: Disponible para usuarios de ECOSUR con su clave de acceso Nota de bibliografía: Incluye bibliografía e índice: páginas 209-213 Número de sistema: 55853Contenidos:Mostrar Resumen:Tipo de ítem | Biblioteca actual | Colección | Signatura | Estado | Fecha de vencimiento | Código de barras |
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Libros | Biblioteca Electrónica Recursos en línea (RE) | Acervo General | Recurso digital | ECO400558539044 |
Incluye bibliografía e índice: páginas 209-213
1. Overview of geodetic refraction studies.. 2. Two wavelength angular refraction measurement.. 3. Effects of atmospheric turbulence on geodetic interference measurements: methods of its reduction.. 4. Multiple wavelength electromagnetic distance measurement.. 5. Water vapor radiometry in geodetic applications.. 6. Temperature and humidity structure in the lower atmosphere.. 7. Modelling of atmospheric effects on terrestrial geodetic measurements.. 8. Refraction in geodetic levelling.. 9. Atmospheric refraction effects in time and latitude observations using classical techniques.. 10. The equations of electromagnetic wave propagation in a refractive medium corotating with the earth.. Subject Index
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With very few exceptions, geodetic measurements use electro magnetic radiation in order to measure directions, distances, time delays, and Doppler frequency shifts, to name the main ter restrial and space observables. Depending on the wavelength of the radiation and the purpose of the measurements, the follow ing parameters of the electromagnetic wave are measured: ampli tude, phase, angle-of-arrival, polarisation and frequency. Ac curate corrections have to be applied to the measurements in order to take into account the effects of the intervening medium between transmitter and receiver. The known solutions use at mospheric models, special observation programs, remote sensing techniques and instrumental methods. It has been shown that the effects of the earth's atmospheric envelope present a fundamental limitation to the accuracy and precision of geodetic measurements. This applies equally to ter restrial and space applications. Instrumental accuracies are al ready below the atmospherically induced limitations, and thus the accuracy demands on the geodetic refraction solutions are entering a new magnitude zone. This monograph is primarily devoted to the properties of the at mospheric effects on various geodetic measurements and to their evaluation. Ten review papers cover the most pressing aspects of the atmospheric effects on geodetic measurement~. Ttiese state of-the art papers were written by eminent specialists in their respective research fields. eng
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