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Subsistence sustained: swidden or milpa cultivation

Klepeis, Peter [autor] | Vance, Colin James [autor] | Keys, Eric [autor] | Macario Mendoza, Pedro A [autor] | Turner II, Billie Lee [autor].
Tipo de material: Capítulo de libro
 impreso(a) 
 Capítulo de libro impreso(a) Tipo de contenido: Texto Tipo de medio: Computadora Tipo de portador: Recurso en líneaTema(s): Maíz | Agricultura de subsistencia | Explotación agrícola en pequeña escalaTema(s) en inglés: Corn | Subsistence farming | Small-scale farmingDescriptor(es) geográficos: Xpujil, Calakmul (Campeche, México) Nota de acceso: Disponible para usuarios de ECOSUR con su clave de acceso Nota general: También puede consultar el capítulo en el libro con la clasificación Y 333.75137 I5, en SIBE-Campeche, SIBE-Chetumal, SIBE-San Cristóbal En: Integrated land-change science and tropical deforestation in the southern Yucatán: final frontiers / edited by B. L. Turner II, Jacqueline Geoghegan and David R. Foster. Oxford, England, United Kingdom : Oxford University Press, 2004. páginas 189-206. --ISBN: 0-19-924530-4Número de sistema: 51927Resumen:
Inglés

From the modern settlement of the southern Yucatán peninsular region to the present, smallholder farmers have followed a system of cultivation variously labeled swidden, slash-and-burn, or shifting within agricultural typologies (Watters 1971; but see Denevan 1992), and known as milpa in the Yucatán and Maya lowlands. Milpa cultivation has been so pervasive historically and geographically throughout the peninsula and the subject of such an extensive literature, that its description is only briefly reviewed here. Understanding the character and dynamics of this system of cultivation, including its long-term prognosis for continued use within the development of the region, is essential for understanding land changes and modeling them, although recent changes in cropping strategies portend the emergence of a ‘new’ kind of milpa. Swidden cultivation in the region, as elsewhere in Middle America, is invariably undertaken as an outfield activity—located at some distance from the farmstead—and is accompanied by small but complex housegardens or solares adjacent to and surrounding the house (e.g. Killion 1992; but see Gómez-Pompa 1987). The house-garden not only provides shade for the abode, it provides fruits, nuts, medicinal and ornamental plants, and a place for cropping experiments (Keys 1999). The extent and elaboration of house-gardens in the southern Yucatán peninsular region appears to be tied to the length of residency and, perhaps, ethnicity of the resident. Maya people, for example, tend to maintain large and elaborate solares. House-gardens tend to be smaller, even unrecognizable to the untrained eye, in the few densely settled communities in the region (e.g. Xpujil). As these gardens are not yet a central element of the broader dynamic of land change in the region, they are not given further attention here. The outfield or swidden supplies maize (Zea mays L.), planted in several varieties and serving as the consumption staple. Depending on the household, some portion of the maize crop may be sold. This ‘dual’ production function has been part of swidden in the region at least since the opening of Highway 186, reflecting government policy promoting commercial maize production (Ch. 7) and the abundant land awarded to individual ejidatarios at that time.

Lista(s) en las que aparece este ítem: Milpa
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Existencias
Tipo de ítem Biblioteca actual Colección Signatura Estado Fecha de vencimiento Código de barras
Capítulos de libro Biblioteca Campeche

Texto en la configuración de la biblioteca Campeche

Yucatán (Y)
ECOSUR Y 333.75137 I5 Disponible ECO040006388
Capítulos de libro Biblioteca Chetumal

Texto en configuración de biblioteca Chetumal

Yucatán (Y)
ECOSUR Y 333.75137 I5 Disponible 270510C51927-30
Capítulos de libro Biblioteca San Cristóbal

Texto en la configuración de la biblioteca San Cristóbal

Yucatán (Y)
ECOSUR Y 333.75137 I5 Disponible 270510C51927-20

Disponible para usuarios de ECOSUR con su clave de acceso

También puede consultar el capítulo en el libro con la clasificación Y 333.75137 I5, en SIBE-Campeche, SIBE-Chetumal, SIBE-San Cristóbal

From the modern settlement of the southern Yucatán peninsular region to the present, smallholder farmers have followed a system of cultivation variously labeled swidden, slash-and-burn, or shifting within agricultural typologies (Watters 1971; but see Denevan 1992), and known as milpa in the Yucatán and Maya lowlands. Milpa cultivation has been so pervasive historically and geographically throughout the peninsula and the subject of such an extensive literature, that its description is only briefly reviewed here. Understanding the character and dynamics of this system of cultivation, including its long-term prognosis for continued use within the development of the region, is essential for understanding land changes and modeling them, although recent changes in cropping strategies portend the emergence of a ‘new’ kind of milpa. Swidden cultivation in the region, as elsewhere in Middle America, is invariably undertaken as an outfield activity—located at some distance from the farmstead—and is accompanied by small but complex housegardens or solares adjacent to and surrounding the house (e.g. Killion 1992; but see Gómez-Pompa 1987). The house-garden not only provides shade for the abode, it provides fruits, nuts, medicinal and ornamental plants, and a place for cropping experiments (Keys 1999). The extent and elaboration of house-gardens in the southern Yucatán peninsular region appears to be tied to the length of residency and, perhaps, ethnicity of the resident. Maya people, for example, tend to maintain large and elaborate solares. House-gardens tend to be smaller, even unrecognizable to the untrained eye, in the few densely settled communities in the region (e.g. Xpujil). As these gardens are not yet a central element of the broader dynamic of land change in the region, they are not given further attention here. The outfield or swidden supplies maize (Zea mays L.), planted in several varieties and serving as the consumption staple. Depending on the household, some portion of the maize crop may be sold. This ‘dual’ production function has been part of swidden in the region at least since the opening of Highway 186, reflecting government policy promoting commercial maize production (Ch. 7) and the abundant land awarded to individual ejidatarios at that time. eng

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