Understanding institutional diversity / Elinor Ostrom

Incluye bibliografía: páginas 308-349 e índice: páginas 351-355

List of Illustrations.. Acknowledgments.. PART I: AN OVERVIEW OF THE INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS AND DEVELOPMENT (IADFRAMEWORK.. Chapter One: Understanding the Diversity of Structured Human Interactions.. Diversity: A Core Problem in Understanding Institutions.. Is There an Underlying Set of Universal Building Blocks?.. Holons: Nested Part-Whole Units of Analysis.. Action Arenas as Focal Units of Analysis.. Zooming Out to an Overview of the IAD Framework.. Viewing Action Arenas as Dependent Variables.. Institutional Frameworks, Theories, and Models.. The Limited Frame of This Book.. Chapter Two: Zooming In and Linking Action Situations.. An Action Situation as a Focal Unit of Analysis.. Example of a Simple Action Situation.. The Basic Working Parts of Action Situations.. Linking Action Arenas.. Predicting Outcomes.. Evaluating Outcomes.. Chapter Three: Studying Action Situations in the Lab.. The Trust Game in the Experimental Laboratory.. A Commons Dilemma in the Experimental Laboratory.. Structural Changes in the Laboratory.. Replications and Extensions of Commons Dilemma Experiments.. Conclusions.. Chapter Four: Animating Institutional Analysis.. Animating Open, Competitive Processes.. The Challenge of Imperfect Information.. Assumptions Used in Animating Participants.. Variety and Complexity: An Asset or a Liability?.. A Focus on Collective Action to Overcome Social Dilemmas.. Norms Fostering Collective Action.. Emergence and Survival of Norms in Evolutionary Processes... Conclusion

PART II: FOCUSING ON RULES.. Chapter Five: A Grammar of Institutions, Sue Crawford and Elinor Ostrom.. Parsing Institutional Statements.. The Syntax of a Grammar of Institutions.. The Syntax Components.. Applying the Grammar.. Using the Grammar in Empirical Field Research.. Some Next Steps.. Chapter Six: Why Classify Generic Rules?.. Solving Babbling Equilibrium Problems.. The Policy Analyst 's Need to Understand How to Reform Situations.. Moving beyond Slogan Words to Describe Institutions.. Coping with the Immense Diversity by Identifying Generic Rules.. The Role of Rules as Information Transformation Mechanisms.. An Underlying Universality?.. Chapter Seven: Classifying Rules, Elinor Ostrom and Sue Crawford.. The Horizontal Approach: Classifying by the A I M of a Rule.. Position Rules.. Boundary Rules.. Choice Rules.. Aggregation Rules.. Information Rules.. Payoff Rules.. Scope Rules.. Default Conditions: What Happens if No Rules Exist Related to Components of an Action Situation?. The Vertical Approach: Operational, Collective-Choice, and Constitutional-Choice Levels of Analysis.. Using Rules as Tools to Change Outcomes

PART III: WORKING WITH RULES.. Chapter Eight: Using Rules as Tools to Cope with the Commons.. Field Research on Common-Pool Resources.. What Rules Are Found in Self-Organized Common-Pool Resource Regimes?. Contemporary Approaches to Resource Policy.. Coping with Complexity: A General Problem.. Changing Rules as an Adaptive Process.. Theoretical Puzzles.. Summing Up.. Chapter Nine: Robust Resource Governance in Polycentric Institutions.. Design Principles and Robust Social-Ecological Systems.. Threats to Robust Governance of Common-Pool Resources.. Modest Coping Methods for Dealing with Threats to Sustainability.. The Advantage and Limits of Polycentric Systems in Coping with Design and Long-Term Sustainability of Systems.. The Capabilities of Polycentric Systems in Coping with Tragedies of the Commons.. Conclusion.. Notes.. References.. Index

The analysis of how institutions are formed, how they operate and change, and how they influence behavior in society has become a major subject of inquiry in politics, sociology, and economics. A leader in applying game theory to the understanding of institutional analysis, Elinor Ostrom provides in this book a coherent method for undertaking the analysis of diverse economic, political, and social institutions. Understanding Institutional Diversity explains the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework, which enables a scholar to choose the most relevant level of interaction for a particular question. This framework examines the arena within which interactions occur, the rules employed by participants to order relationships, the attributes of a biophysical world that structures and is structured by interactions, and the attributes of a community in which a particular arena is placed. The book explains and illustrates how to use the IAD in the context of both field and experimental studies. Concentrating primarily on the rules aspect of the IAD framework, it provides empirical evidence about the diversity of rules, the calculation process used by participants in changing rules, and the design principles that characterize robust, self-organized resource governance institutions. eng