Incluye bibliografía e índice: páginas 603-622

Preface.. 1. Environmental Biotechnology: A Foresíght.. 1.1 Biotechnology: A Historical Perspective.. 1.2 Environmental Biotechnology.. 1.3 Biodiversity.. 1.4 Biofuels and Bioenergy.. 1.5 Environmental Clean Up Technologies.. 1.6 Solid Waste Management.. 1.7 Abatement of Pollution.. 1.8 Genetic Engineering.. 1.9 Biosafety, Ethical and Property Issues.. 1.10 Bioinformatics for Environmental Remediation.. 1.11 Nanotechnology-Environmental Management.. 1.12 Conclusion.. 2. Biodiversity.. 2.1 Biodiversity.. 2.2 Biodiversity Components.. 2.3 Biodiversity Concept.. 2.4 Biodiversity and Evolution.. 2.5 Biodiversity Status.. 2.6 Biodiversity Values.. 2.7 Biodiversity Threatened.. 2.8 Threatened Species-IUCN Red List: páginas 007.. 2.9 Biodiversity Problems.. 2.10 Biodiversity Hotspot.. 2.11 Biodiversity Loss-Prevention.. 2.12 Biodiversity Conservaron.. 2.13 Relevant Articles of the CBD.. 2.14 Biodiversity-Future Prospects.. 2.15 References.. 3. Renewable Energy.. 3.1 Energy Generation.. 3.2 Coal's Energy Potential.. 3.3 Renewable Energy Types.. 3.4 Solar Energy.. 3.5 Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants.. 3.6 Wind Energy.. 3.7 Hydropower.. 3.8 Geothermal Power.. 3.9 Biomass Energy.. 3.10 Biomass Electrical Power Generation.. 3.11 Ethanol Production.. 3.12 Ethanol Production from Cellulosic Biomass.. 3.13 Production of Ethanol Starch-based Feedstock.. 3.14 Biogas Technology.. 3.15 Biodiesel.. 3.16 Biohydrogen Production.. 3.17 References.. 4. Bioremediation Technology.. 4.1 Bioremediation.. 4.2 Microbial Metabolism.. 4.3 Factors Influencing Metabolism.. 4.4 Bioremediation Monitoring.. 4.5 Types of Bioremediation.. 4.6 In-situ Bioremediation.. 4.7 Groundwater and Saturated Soil Remediation.. 4.8 Air Sparging.. 4.9 Biosparging.. 4.10 In-situ Remediation-Case Studies.. 4.11 Ex-situ Bioremediation.. 4.12 Surface Soil Contaminants Remediation: Case Study.. 4.13 Composting.. 4.14 Slurry Bioreactor

4.15 Bioremediation of Metals.. 4.16 GMO for Bioremediation.. 4.17 References.. 5. Phytoremediation.. 5.1 Phytoremediation Approaches.. 5.2 Technical Considerations.. 5.3 Types of Phytoremediation.. 5.4 Factors Influencing Phytoremediation.. 5.5 Uptake and Translocation.. 5.6 Enzymatic Transforrnations.. 5.7 Cellular Mechanisms for Heavy Metals Detoxification and Tolerance.. 5.8 Cell Wall and Root Exudates.. 5.9 Phytochelatins.. 5.10 Metallothioneins.. 5.11 Organic Acids and Amino Acids.. 5.12 Vascular Compartmentafization.. 5.13 Phytoremediation: Novel Transgene Approach.. 5.14 Phytoremediation: Case Studies.. 5.15 References.. 6. Recombinant DNA Technology and Applications.. 6.1 Recombinant DNA.. 6.2 Fundamentals of Recombinant DNA Technology.. 6.3 Basic Structure of DNA.. 6.4 Gel Electrophoresis.. 6.5 Expression of Recombinant DNA Molecules.. 6.6 Transgenic Plants.. 6.7 Transgenic Animals.. 6.8 Application of GMOs.. 6.9 Conclusion.. 6.10 References.. 7. Genetic Engineering for Remediation of Pollution.. 7.1 Introduction.. 7.2 Genes-Therapy.. 7.3 Genetic Engineering.. 7.4 Application of Genetic Engineering in Bioremediation.. 7.5 Genetically Modified Bacteria for the Bioremediation of Inorganic Pollutants.. 7.6 Application of Genetic Engineering in Phytoremediation.. 7.7 References.. 8 Biotechnology-Pollution Abatement.. 8.1 Environmental Pollution.. 8.2 Wastewater Treatment.. 8.3 Disinfection Treatment Process.. 8.4 Natural Biological Treatment Systems.. 8.5 Biological Treatment.. 8.6 Energy Reactions.. 8.7 Aerobic Biological Process.. 8.8 Rotating Biological Contractors.. 8.9 Rhizosphere Remediation Technology.. 8.10 Activated Sludge Technology.. 8.11 Activated Sludge Technology Process.. 8.12 Modified - Activated Sludge Technology.. 8.13 Anaerobic Biological Treatment.. 8.14 Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR.. 8.15 Bioscrubber.. 8.16 Two-phase Partition Bioreactors (TPPB.. 8.17 References

10. Composting.. 10.1 Compost.. 10.2 Guide-Creating Compost.. 10.3 Composting Process.. 10.4 Composting Methods.. 10.5 Composting Challenges.. 10.6 Compost-Benefits.. 10.7 Environmental Benefits.. 10.8 References.. 11. Vermicomposting.. 11.1 Vermicompost.. 11.2 Earthworm Biology.. 11.3 What to Compost.. 11.4 Create Home for Worms.. 11.5 Bedding.. 116 Vermicompost Bins.. 11.7 Case Study-Research Findings.. 11.8 Microorganism Diversity Monitoring/Microbial Assay.. 11.9 Vermicompost Properties.. 11.10 Vermicompost-Advantages.. 11.11 References.. 12. Biofertilizers.. 12.1 Biofertilizers-Perspective.. 12.2 Biofertilizers-Types.. 12.3 Rhizobium.. 12.4 Azospirillum.. 12.5 Azotobacter.. 12 6 Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms.. 12.7 Mycorrhiza.. 12.8 Blue Green Algae.. 12.9 Azolla.. 12.10 Compost.. 12.11 Biofertilizers- Potential Use.. 12.12 Biological Nitrogen Fixation.. 12.13 Research Studies.. 12.14 References.. 13. Chemical Pesticides.. 13.1 Pesticides.. 13.2 Classification of Pesticides (ESCAP 1991.. 13.3 Pesticides Industry.. 13.4 Pesticides Manufacturing.. 13.5 Pesticides Formulation.. 13.6 Main Pesticides Groups.. 13.7 Pesticides Regulation.. 13.8 Mode of Action.. 13.9 Environmental Effects.. 13.10 Health Effects.. 13.11 Advantages of Chemical Pesticides.. 13.12 Disadvantages of Chemical Pesticides.. 13.13 Management of Chemical Pesticides.. 13.14 References.. 14. Biological Control of Pests.. 14.1 Biological Control.. 14.2 History and Theory of Biological Control.. 14.3 Important Crops and Insect Pests.. 14.4 Selection-Biological Control Agents.. 14.5 Biocontrol Agents-Approaches.. 14.6 Exploitalion of Natural Enemies.. 14.7 Types of Biological Control.. 14.8 Conservation Measures.. 14.9 Genetic Engineering to Improve Sterile Male Technique.. 14.10 Biological Control-Success Stories.. 14.11 Recent Research in Field.. 14.12 Advantages and Disadvantages of Biological Control

14.13 References.. 15. Biopesticides.. 15.1 Biopesticides-Concept.. 15.2 Types of Biopesticides.. 15.3 Biopesticides-Control.. 15.4 Regulation of Biopesticides.. 15.5 Biological Pesticides.. 15.6 Formulation.. 15.7 Stabilization.. 15.8 Mode of Action.. 15.9 Advantages of Microbial Insecticides.. 15.10 Disadvantages of Microbial Insecticides.. 15.11 Biotechnological Applications.. 15.12 Biochemical Pest Control Agents.. 15.13 References.. 16. Integrated Pest Management.. 16.1 IPM-Concept.. 16.2 IPM-Components.. 16.3 Control Techniques.. 16.4 Biological Control.. 16.5 Chemical and Physical Control.. 16.6 Pest Identification.. 16.7 Biological Control of Pest Mites in Apple-Case Studies.. 16.8 Nonchemical Control Methods.. 16.9 IPM-Conventional and Biointensive.. 16.10 Engineering the Future.. 16.11 IPM-Planning Consideration.. 16.12 Pest Management Practices: USDA Survey Summary Highlights.. 16.13 IPM Programmes Work-Conclusion.. 16.14 References.. 17. Genetically Modified Organisms in Environment.. 17.1 Genetic Modification-Perspective.. 17.2 Genetically Modified Products-Benefits.. 17.3 Genetically Modified Foods.. 17.4 Genetically Modified Crops in the USA.. 175 Genetically Modified Food-Controversies.. 17.6 Ecological and Environmental Impact of Engineered Crops.. 17.7 Environmental Impacts of Transgenic Crops-Case Studies.. 17.8 Risk Assessment of GM Foods for Human Health and Environment.. 17.9 Environmental Risks of GMO.. 17.10 GMO-Risk Assessment.. 17.11 GMO Release Criteria.. 17.12 Need GMO Regulation.. 17.13 Guidance Documents.. 17.14 Conclusion.. 17.15 References.. 18- Biosafety.. 18.1 Biosafety Concern.. 18.2 GMO as an Environmental and Health Issues.. 18.3 Biosafety Protocol.. 18.4 Assessment and Management of Risk.. 18.5 Risk Management Measures for Controlled Releases.. 18.6 National Biosafety Frarnework-Cornponents

18.7 National Biosafety Frarnework-Training and Capacity Building.. 18.8 GMOs-Perspectives.. 18.9 References.. 19. Bioethics and Risk Assessment.. 19.1 Bioethics Concern.. 19.2 Bioethical Definitions.. 19.3 Role of Bioethicist.. 19.4 Ethical Issues.. 19.5 Genetically Modified Food-Risks.. 19.6 Genetically Modified Crops-Risks.. 19.7 Genetically Engineered Animals and Ethics.. 19.8 Genetically Modified Microorganisms (GMMs.. 19.9 Safety Assessment.. 19.10 Patenting Life and Morality.. 19.11 Ethical Issues-Debate.. 19.12 References.. 20. Intellectual Property Rights.. 20.1 Perspectives.. 20.2 Patents.. 20.3 Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs.. 20.4 Intellectual Property Rights-Protected Internationally.. 20.5 Criteria for Patentable Inventions.. 20.6 Specification: Description and Claims.. 20.7 Patent Process.. 20.8 Case Studies.. 20.9 Naturally Occurring Substances-Patenting.. 20.10 Biotechnology and Patenting.. 20.11 Legal and Moral Issues.. 20.12 IPR-International Strategy.. 20.13 References.. 21. Bioinformatics-Environmental Cleanup Technologies.. 21.1 Bioinformatics-Environmental Perspectives.. 21.2 Emerging Technologies.. 21.3 Genomics.. 21.4 Application of Genomics.. 21.5 Proteomics.. 21.6 Bioinformatics-Future Trend for Bioremediation.. 21.7 References.. 22. Environmental Nanotechnolgy.. 22.1 Perspectives.. 22.2 Nanotechnology.. 22.3 Environmental Nanotechnology.. 22.4 Nanotechnologies-Environmental Applications.. 22.5 Nanotechnology-Scope for Future Research.. 22-6 References.. Index.. Color Plate Section

This book provides information essential to students taking courses in biotechnology as part of an environmental sciences, environmental management, or environmental biology programs. It is also suitable for those studying water, waste management, and pollution abatement. Topics include biodiversity, renewable energy, bioremediation technology, recombinant DNA technology, genetic engineering, solid waste management, composting, vermicomposting, biofertilizer, chemical pesticides, biological control of pests, and genetically modified organisms. The book also discusses bioethics and risk assessment, intellectual property rights, environmental cleanup technologies, and environmental nanotechnology. Inglés