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Leydigia louisi Jenkin, 1934 was recently redescribed by Kotov (2003). We found in Guatemala and South of Mexico populations of this species, similar with the typical African form. A re-examination of Daday's (1902) specimens from Patagonia demonstrated that his material, determined as L. leydigi, was also L. louisi. At the same time, we describe a new subspecies Leydigia louisi mexicana n.subsp. from four water bodies on the central Mexican plateau (State of Mexico). Parthenogenetic females, ephippial females, juvenile and adult males are described. SEM illustrations are given for L. louisi mexicana n.sp. It differs from the nominotypical subspecies by (1) ocellus of irregular shape; (2) chitinous insertions within distal segments of swimming setae far from bases of segments; (3) on IDL, 3 bunches of very long setules; (4) setules on distal lobe of limb II long; (5) longest seta of exopodite III with long, fine setules; (6) seta 1 of exopodite IV relatively short; (7) a two-lobed body on inner margin of limb V. Features 2–6 were never used in the genus previously, but were applied in the systematics of other genera of Chydoridae. The ranges of these two subspecies are, probably, the Neotropical and Holarctic regions. Inglés

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