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Patterns of covert infection by invertebrate pathogens : iridescent viruses of blackflies

Tipo de material: Artículo impreso(a) Artículo impreso(a) Idioma: Inglés Tema(s) en español: Tema(s) en inglés: Clasificación:
  • AR/632.96 W5
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  • Disponible en línea
 En: Molecular Ecology volumen 4, número 4 (1995), páginas 447-457Nota de acceso: Disponible para usuarios de ECOSUR con su clave de acceso Resumen:
Inglés

Recently, it has been recognized that blackfly populations mar host two forms of infection by iridescent viruses (IVs)¡ a covert (inapparent, nonlethal) form which was common in springtime populations in the River Ystwyth, Wales, and a patent (obvious, lethal) form which was rafe. This study aimed to investigate the changes in frequency of the two types of infection in blackfly populations ayer the reproductive period of the flies, April-September 1992. Blackfly larvae sampled from three different sites along the river were bioassayed for the presence of covert IV infection. Of 870 larvae assayed, 17 were found to be infected. AII the infected larvae appeared to be Simulium variegatum, the dominant species during the sampling periodo IV infections were common in the spring (17-37% depending on site) but appeared absent in the S. variegatum population for most of the summer months, reappearing again in the autumn (0-20% infected).

These fluctuations were concurrent with biotic and abiotic factors: elevated levels of covert infection occurred at low population densities, high water flow rates, low temperatures (and presumably slower growth rates), although it is not clear if any cause-and-effect relationship exists. Patent infections occurred immediately alter the peak of covert infection in the spring, and again in the autumn. Virus characterization of isolates from covertly infected larvae showed that three distinct groups of isolates were present in the blackfly population. Isolates from the springtime populations were mostIy variants of an isolate found in patentIy infected blackfly larvae in the 1970s (Aberystwyth IV). Isolates from the autumn populations were mostIy variants of an isolate from a patentIy infected larva found in September the previous real. A third group comprised a single novel isolate which wás detected in a covertly infected larva. The mechanisms by which IVs persist in blackfly populations remain unknown, although the role of altemative hosts is a possibility which needs to be studied.

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Recently, it has been recognized that blackfly populations mar host two forms of infection by iridescent viruses (IVs)¡ a covert (inapparent, nonlethal) form which was common in springtime populations in the River Ystwyth, Wales, and a patent (obvious, lethal) form which was rafe. This study aimed to investigate the changes in frequency of the two types of infection in blackfly populations ayer the reproductive period of the flies, April-September 1992. Blackfly larvae sampled from three different sites along the river were bioassayed for the presence of covert IV infection. Of 870 larvae assayed, 17 were found to be infected. AII the infected larvae appeared to be Simulium variegatum, the dominant species during the sampling periodo IV infections were common in the spring (17-37% depending on site) but appeared absent in the S. variegatum population for most of the summer months, reappearing again in the autumn (0-20% infected). Inglés

These fluctuations were concurrent with biotic and abiotic factors: elevated levels of covert infection occurred at low population densities, high water flow rates, low temperatures (and presumably slower growth rates), although it is not clear if any cause-and-effect relationship exists. Patent infections occurred immediately alter the peak of covert infection in the spring, and again in the autumn. Virus characterization of isolates from covertly infected larvae showed that three distinct groups of isolates were present in the blackfly population. Isolates from the springtime populations were mostIy variants of an isolate found in patentIy infected blackfly larvae in the 1970s (Aberystwyth IV). Isolates from the autumn populations were mostIy variants of an isolate from a patentIy infected larva found in September the previous real. A third group comprised a single novel isolate which wás detected in a covertly infected larva. The mechanisms by which IVs persist in blackfly populations remain unknown, although the role of altemative hosts is a possibility which needs to be studied. Inglés

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