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Glossary: páginas 749-755

1 A Global Outlook on Urbanization.. 2 History of Urbanization and the Missing Ecology.. 3 Urbanization and Global Trends in Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.. 4 Regional Assessment of Asia.. 5 Sub-regional Assessment of China: Urbanization in Biodiversity Hotspots.. 6 Sub-regional Assessment of India: Effects of Urbanization on Land Use, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.. 7 Local Assessment of Bangalore: Graying and Greening in Bangalore - Impacts of Urbanization on Ecosystems, Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity.. 8 Local Assessment of Tokyo: Satoyama and Satoumi - Traditional Landscapes and Management Practices in a Contemporary Urban Environment.. 9 Local Assessment of Shanghai: Effects of Urbanization on the Diversity of Macrobenthic Invertebrates.. 10 Patterns and Trends in Urban Biodiversity and Landscape Design.. 11 Urban Ecosystem Services.. 12 Shrinking Cities, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.. 13 Regional Assessment of Europe.. 14 Regional Assessment of North America: Urbanization Trends, Biodiversity Patterns, and Ecosystem Services.. 15 Regional Assessment of Oceania.. 16 Local Assessment of İstanbul: Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.. 17 Local Assessment of Stockholm: Revisiting the Stockholm Urban Assessment.. 18 Local Assessment of Chicago: From Wild Chicago to Chicago Wilderness - Chicago's Ecological Setting and Recent Efforts to Protect and Restore Nature in the Region.. 19 Local Assessment of New York City: Biodiversity, Green Space, and Ecosystem Services.. 20 Local Assessment of Melbourne: The Biodiversity and Social-Ecological Dynamics of Melbourne, Australia.. 21 A Synthesis of Global Urbanization Projections.. 22 Urbanization Forecasts, Effects on Land Use, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services.. 23 Regional Assessment of Africa

24 Local Assessment of Cape Town: Navigating the Management Complexities of Urbanization, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Services in the Cape Floristic Region.. 25 Climate Change and Urban Biodiversity Vulnerability.. 26 Feeding Cities: Food Security and Ecosystem Support in an Urbanizing World.. 27 Urban Governance of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.. 28 Regional Assessment of Latin America: Rapid Urban Development and Social Economic Inequity Threaten Biodiversity Hotspots.. 29 Local Assessment of Rio de Janeiro City: Two Case Studies of Urbanization Trends and Ecological Impacts.. 30 Urban Landscapes as Learning Arenas for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Management.. 31 Restoration Ecology in an Urbanizing World.. 32 Indicators for Management of Urban Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: City Biodiversity Index.. 33 Stewardship of the Biosphere in the Urban Era.. CBO Inter-Agency Task-Force and Advisory Committee Members.. Glossary

Urbanization is a global phenomenon and the book emphasizes that this is not just a social-technological process. It is also a social-ecological process where cities are places for nature, and where cities also are dependent on, and have impacts on, the biosphere at different scales from local to global. The book is a global assessment and delivers four main conclusions: 1. Urban areas are expanding faster than urban populations. Half the increase in urban land across the world over the next 20 years will occur in Asia, with the most extensive change expected to take place in India and China. 2. Urban areas modify their local and regional climate through the urban heat island effect and by altering precipitation patterns, which together will have significant impacts on net primary production, ecosystem health, and biodiversity. 3. Urban expansion will heavily draw on natural resources, including water, on a global scale, and will often consume prime agricultural land, with knock-on effects on biodiversity and ecosystem services elsewhere. 4. Future urban expansion will often occur in areas where the capacity for formal governance is restricted, which will constrain the protection of biodiversity and management of ecosystem services. Inglés

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