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1 Introduction.. 1.1 Objectives and scope.. 1.2 Challenges.. 1.3 Contents.. 1.4 Modelling and observations.. 1.5 Summary of formulae and theoretical frameworks.. Appendix 1A.. References.. 2 Tidal dynamics.. 2.1 Introduction.. 2.2 Equations of motion.. 2.3 Tidal response - localised.. 2.4 Tidal response - whole estuary.. 2.5 Linearisation of the quadratic friction term.. 2.6 Higher harmonics and residuals.. 2.7 Surge-tide interactions.. 2.8 Summary of results and guidelines for application.. References.. 3 Currents.. 3.1 Introduction.. 3.2 Tidal current structure - 2D (X-Z.. 3.3 Tidal current structure - 3D (X-Y-Z.. 3.4 Residual currents.. 3.5 Summary of results and guidelines for application.. Appendix 3A.. Appendix 3B.. References.. 4 Saline intrusion.. 4.1 Introduction.. 4.2 Current structure for river flow, mixed and stratified saline intrusion.. 4.3 The length of saline intrusion.. 4.4 Tidal straining and convective overturning.. 4.5 Stratification.. 4.6 Summary of results and guidelines for application.. Appendix 4A.. References.. 5 Sediment regimes.. 5.1 Introduction.. 5.2 Erosion.. 5.3 Deposition.. 5.4 Suspended concentrations.. 5.5 SPM time series for continuous tidal cycles.. 5.6 Observed and modelled SPM time series.. 5.7 Summary of results and guidelines for application.. Appendix 5A.. References.. 6 Synchronous estuaries: dynamics, saline intrusion and bathymetry.. 6.1 Introduction.. 6.2 Tidal dynamics.. 6.3 Saline intrusion.. 6.4 Estuarine bathymetry: theory.. 6.5 Estuarine bathymetry: assessment of theory against observations.. 6.6 Summary of results and guidelines for application.. References.. 7 Synchronous estuaries: sediment trapping and sorting - stable morphology.. 7.1 Introduction.. 7.2 Tidal dynamics, saline intrusion and river flow.. 7.3 Sediment dynamics.. 7.4 Analytical emulator for sediment concentrations and fluxes.. 7.5 Component contributions to net sediment flux

7.6 Import or export of sediments?.. 7.7 Estuarine typologies.. 7.8 Summary of results and guidelines for application.. References.. 8 Strategies for sustainability.. 8.1 Introduction.. 8.2 Model study of the Mersey Estuary.. 8.3 Impacts of GCC.. 8.4 Strategies for modelling, observations and monitoring.. 8.5 Summary of results and guidelines for application.. Appendix 8ª.. References.. Index

This volume provides researchers, students, practising engineers and managers access to knowledge, practical formulae and new hypotheses for the dynamics, mixing, sediment regimes and morphological evolution in estuaries. The objectives are to explain the underlying governing processes and synthesise these into descriptive formulae which can be used to guide the future development of any estuary. Each chapter focuses on different physical aspects of the estuarine system - identifying key research questions, outlining theoretical, modeling and observational approaches, and highlighting the essential quantitative results. This allows readers to compare and interpret different estuaries around the world, and develop monitoring and modeling strategies for short-term management issues and for longer-term problems, such as global climate change. The book is written for researchers and students in physical oceanography and estuarine engineering, and serves as a valuable reference and source of ideas for professional research, engineering and management communities concerned with estuaries. Inglés