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Foreword.. Preface.. Acknowledgments.. Part I - Framework.. 1 Foundations.. Urban ecology concept.. Routes to the present.. Urban attributes and ecological assays.. People and their activities.. Using urban ecology for society's solutions.. 2 Spatial patterns and mosaics.. Scale, human, and nature patterns.. Urban-rural gradient as spatial model.. Patch-corridor-matrix and other spatial Models.. Neighborhood mosaics and their linkages.. Urban regions, metro areas, cities.. 3 Flows, movements, change.. The nature of flows and movements.. F lows around boundaries and mosaics.. Change-over-time principles.. Urbanization.. Rates and trajectories of ecological change.. Part II - Ecological features.. 4 Urban soil and chemicals.. The essence of urban soil.. Key natural and human processes.. Soil texture and associated properties.. Life in the soil.. Urban soil chemicals.. The urban underground.. 5 Urban air.. Microclimate.. Energy and radiation.. Urban heat.. Diverse airflows.. Air pollutants and effects.. 6 Urban water systems.. Urban flows in the water cycle.. Groundwater.. Clean water supply.. Sewage and septic wastewater.. Stormwater and pollutants.. 7 Urban water bodies.. Urban wetlands and ponds.. Constructed basins, ponds, wetlands, biofilters.. Urban streams.. Urban rivers.. Flooding by river and stream.. Urban coastal zones.. 8 Urban habitat, vegetation, plants.. Urban vegetation and habitat.. Urban plants.. Urban plant biology.. Trees and shrubs.. Plant community structure and dynamics.. Plants and urban habitat fragments.. 9 Urban wildlife.. Species types.. Vertical structures, vegetation layers, and animals.. Spatial habitat patterns and animals.. Wildlife movement.. Changing urban wildlife and adaptation

Part III - Urban features.. 10 Human structures.. Railways.. Roads and associated features.. Hard surfaces and cracks.. House plots, gardens, lawns.. Buildings.. 11 Residential, commercial, industrial areas.. City residential areas.. Suburban and peri-urban/exurban residential areas.. City center.. Commercial sites dispersed across the urban area.. Industrial areas.. 12 Green spaces, corridors, systems.. Urban agriculture.. Parks.. Diverse large greenspaces.. Green corridors and networks.. Integrated urban greenspace system.. Epilogue.. Appendix A: Positive and negative attributes of an urban region.. Appendix B: Equations.. References.. Index

How does nature work in our human-created city, suburb, and exurb/peri-urb? Indeed how is ecology - including its urban water, soil, air, plant, and animal foundations - spatially entwined with this great human enterprise? And how can we improve urban areas for both nature and people? Urban Ecology: Science of Cities explores the entire urban area: from streets, lawns, and parks to riversides, sewer systems, and industrial sites. The book presents models, patterns, and examples from hundreds of cities worldwide. Numerous illustrations enrich the presentation. Cities are analyzed, not as ecologically bad or good, but as places with concentrated rather than dispersed people. Urban ecology principles, traditionally adapted from natural-area ecology, now increasingly emerge from the distinctive features of cities. Spatial patterns and flows, linking organisms, built structures, and the physical environment highlight a treasure chest of useful principles. This pioneering interdisciplinary book opens up frontiers of insight, as a valuable source and text for undergraduates, graduates, researchers, professionals and others with a thirst for solutions to growing urban problems. Inglés